Dallas

Dallas is a large in the northern part of the  state of Texas. It is a part of a much larger group of cities called the, along with important cities like Arlington, Denton, Fort Worth, and Plano. The city is one of the largest in the United States.

For many years, the city was known as the city in which President John F. Kennedy was killed, but that is not associated with the city as much anymore, It is the fourth most populus metropolitan area in the United States. The city's population ranks and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio. The city's prominence arose from its historical importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries, and its position along numerous railroad lines. The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat; however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties. According to the, the city had a population of 1,197,816. The 's estimate for the city's population increased to 1,300,092 as of July 1, 2015.

The city is the largest economic center of the 12-county metropolitan area (commonly referred to as DFW), which had a population of 7,246,231 as of July 1, 2016, representing growth in excess of 807,000 people since the 2010 census. In 2016 DFW ascended to the number one spot in the nation in year-over-year population growth. In 2014, the metropolitan economy surpassed Washington, D.C. to become the fifth largest in the U.S., with a 2014 real GDP over $504 billion. As such, the metropolitan area's economy is the 10th largest in the world. In 2013, the metropolitan area led the nation with the largest year-over-year increase in employment and advanced to become the fourth-largest employment center in the nation (behind New York City, Los Angeles and Chicago) with more than three million non-farm jobs. As of January 2017, the metropolitan job count has increased to 3,558,200 jobs. The city's economy is primarily based on banking, commerce, telecommunications, technology, energy, healthcare and medical research, and transportation and logistics. The city is home to the third-largest concentration of companies in the nation (behind New York City and Houston).

Located in, Dallas is the main core of the largest metropolitan area in and the largest inland metropolitan area in the United States that lacks any navigable link to the sea. Dallas and nearby Fort Worth were developed due to the construction of major railroad lines through the area allowing access to cotton, cattle, and later oil in North and. The construction of the reinforced Dallas' prominence as a transportation hub with four major interstate highways converging in the city, and a fifth interstate loop around it. Dallas developed as a strong industrial and financial center, and a major inland port, due to the convergence of major railroad lines, interstate highways, and the construction of, one of the largest and busiest airports in the world.

Sports
The city is home to the, a professional team. The city is also home to the, a hockey team in the , the , a baseball team in the , and the , a basketball team in the.

Prehistory
There was a time, millions of years ago, during which the area that is now Dallas was under water, indeed, most of Texas was submerged, it was during the period. This was one of the factors that led to the sediments in this area becoming suitable for the natural creation of as well as one of the largest  fields near Dallas.

In the vicinity of Dallas a parental dinosaur has been found to, this species bears the name of . It is no surprise that this dinosaur was semi-aquatic, since fossils of species have been found Marinas, after all, the Dallas area was submerged. It is hypothesized that these small beings, "Dallasaurus", were initially terrestrial and were evolving into the formidable marine "Mosasaurus".

From the arrival of Europeans to the present
In pre-Hispanic times, the Dallas area was inhabited by the. In the 16th century the Spanish Empire declared the territory as part of the. Later, France also declared the area as part of its territory until the was signed in 1819. The area remained in the hands of Spain until 1821, when declared its independence. Texas and what is now Dallas were part of the Mexican state of.

In 1836, the Texas state declared itself independent and the was established. In 1841, John Neely Bryan founded the city of Dallas on the site where several "Caddoan" roads crossed a natural ford of the. The site was the easiest place to cross and the closest to Preston's planned road, which would connect south Texas to the north. Initially, Bryan wanted to found Dallas as a business center between and pioneers. In 1846, Dallas became part of the United States when it annexed the Republic of Texas to its territory. In that same year, Dallas County was created. In 1850 Dallas was declared the permanent seat of Dallas County.

In 1855, a European group — French, Belgian, and Swiss — made up of artists, musicians, writers, and scientists, sought to establish a utopian community west of Dallas; This community called itself  La Réunion  - this is the name given to others such as the Reunion Tower, the Reunion Arena and the Reunion District. Following the collapse of this community in approximately 1857, many of these locals moved to Dallas, where this community installed the base of the artistic culture that exists to this day in the Deep Ellum neighborhood, near downtown Dallas.

In 1911, Dallas became one of twelve regional cities to have a, which would ensure the conversion of the location into a financial center. In 1915 the doors of Southern Methodist University — Southern Methodist University — were opened, the first major university in Dallas. In 1921, Mexican President Álvaro Obregón visits Dallas. In the of the 1930s, United States suffered from high unemployment, economic stagnation, and rising poverty. Although Dallas was no exception, the city did not suffer as much as other areas due to the discovery of.

On November 22, 1963, President was assassinated on Elm Street as his motorcycle passed through Dealey Plaza in downtown Dallas. 80 minutes later, was arrested at a theater in the  neighborhood. Two days later, on November 24, the defendant was assassinated in a Dallas police station in front of television cameras and before an American audience, marking the first live murder in the United States. Later, the "Kennedy Memorial" was built and the building from which he was shot was declared a museum.

Between the years 1970 and 1980 the city experienced a demographic boom that caused a change of profile in it. Due to the immense success of the television series , the city became one of the most internationally recognized American cities in the 1980. In 1983, Dallas voters approved the creation of public transportation, called "DART." In 1996, the system opened its first train line.

Geography
Dallas is located on the upper reaches of the, at coordinates 32.79417°N, -96.76556°W.

According to the, Dallas has a total area of 385.8 sqmi, of which 340.5 sqmi correspond to the mainland and 45.3 sqmi (11.75%) is water.

Neighborhoods
The city of Dallas is divided into different neighborhoods. is the epicenter of the city and together with, the epicenter of the. Downtown itself is also shaped by different neighborhoods including the West End, the, the Farmers Market District, the Business District, the Convention Center District, and Victory Park. Adjacent to downtown Dallas heading north is Turtle Creek and the Uptown area. North Dallas is also home to the s of Highland Park and University Park.

To the south of the city are the neighborhoods of, South Oak Cliff and the enclave of Cockerell Hill. Oak Cliff is located southwest of downtown and is predominantly inhabited by s. South Oak Cliff is to the south of this and is inhabited primarily by.

Little Mexico
There used to be a neighborhood in downtown Dallas called Little Mexico, "Little Mexico" in English.

At the end of the 19th century, the pristine arrival of Mexicans in Dallas began. Then, in 1910, the Mexican Revolution took place, which in a certain way caused the coming of more Mexicans; later the Little Mexico neighborhood was established in downtown Dallas. In 1921, Mexican President Álvaro Obregón visited the Small Mexico Mexican Park — the park was on the corner of Akard and Caruth Street, where today the Fairmount Hotel is.

Among the most popular festivities in this town was the —it was led by the priest  (the equivalent of ) and is celebrated on September 16— the Fiestas Homelands used to be on September 15, 16 and 17.

By the 1930s, the neighborhood already exceeded 15,000 inhabitants.

Better conditions, the American Dream, as well as the Mexican Revolution, were factors that caused the emigration of Mexicans not only poor but also Mexicans belonging to the upper class to cities in the United States and therefore to Dallas. Therefore, in Little Mexico it was not uncommon to find different social clubs.

At that time, it is necessary to know that there was racial segregation and a stronger discrimination than in these days towards this particular population, that is why sometimes they lived in precarious conditions or were rejected from some places.

Joaquín José "J.J." Rodríguez operated a small home theater near downtown Dallas called "Azteca Movie House." In the early 1940s, he made the purchase of the "Dallas Little Theater Building" on "Maple Avenue" in Little Mexico. Seeing the need and opportunity to screen films in Spanish, he turned the building into the "Theatro Pan Americano"; this would later be the Cine Festival.

Highland Park: home of the wealthy
Highland Park is a wealthy town in the inner city of Dallas. The town has its own town hall, municipal court and ministry of education; also the "Dallas Country Club" is located there. In Highland Park are the best-class mansions and homes in Dallas; mansions are sometimes built by architects at the request of a rich man who wants a home in his own way. It is home to doctors, lawyers, and other influential people.

Its annexation to Dallas has not yet taken place despite being only minutes, 6 km north - of the city center; This is because Dallas initially rejected Highland Park's annexation petition, and then Highland Park's Dallas petition was rejected.

According to the 2000 census, this "city" was the second most educated in Texas, academically speaking, behind only University Park - located north of Highland Park, whose annexation to Dallas has also not taken place. About 70% of the adults in Highland Park at the time held a bachelor's degree or higher.

Climate
Dallas has a (Cfa in the ), It has a very large thermal amplitude throughout the year, however the daily amplitude is small due to humidity. Summer is warm, with medium humidity, and temperatures of more than 104 F can easily be reached, autumn and spring are mild and the periods where rainfall is concentrated, although these do not drop below 1.6 in in any month In winter, temperatures are cold and frosts occur, leading to snowfall.

Demographics
According to the 2010 census, the population was 28.8% white and 24.7% African American; 6.3 percent were of Asian origin; 0.7% were. 42.7 percent of the population were, The median income per household in 2015 was $50,270, about 17.9 percent of the population lived below the.

In addition, Dallas and its suburbs are home to a large number of Asian residents including those of Indian, Vietnamese, Chinese, Korean, Filipino, Japanese, and other heritage. There are also a significant number of people from the, immigrants from Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Somalia. With so many immigrant groups, there are often multilingual signs in the linguistic landscape.

The Dallas-Fort-Worth Metroplex has an estimated 70,000 Russian-speakers, mostly immigrants from the former. Included in this population are Russians, Russian Jews, Ukrainians, Belorussians, Moldavians, Uzbek, Kirghiz, and others. The Russian-speaking population of Dallas has continued to grow in the sector of "American husbands-Russian wives". Russian DFW has its own newspaper The Dallas Telegraph.

About half of Dallas's population was born outside of Texas. Many residents have migrated to the city from other parts of the country, particularly the Midwest, Northeast, and California.

Recognized for having the sixth largest lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) population in the nation, the Dallas metropolitan is widely noted for being home to a thriving and diverse. Throughout the year there are many well-established LGBT events held in the area, most notably the annual Alan Ross Texas Freedom (Pride) Parade and Festival held every September since 1983 which draws tens of thousands from around the world. For decades, the Oak Lawn and Bishop Arts districts have been known as the epicenters of the LGBT community in Dallas.

About half of Dallas's population was born outside of Texas. Many residents have migrated to the city from other parts of the country, particularly the, , and California.

Recognized for having the sixth largest (LGBT) population in the nation, the Dallas metropolitan is widely noted for being home to a thriving and diverse LGBT community. Throughout the year there are many well-established LGBT events held in the area, most notably the annual Alan Ross Texas Freedom (Pride) Parade and Festival held every September since 1983 which draws tens of thousands from around the world. For decades, the Oak Lawn and Bishop Arts districts have been known as the epicenters of the LGBT community in Dallas.

Religion


There is a great influence of and the city is in a region where the  and  churches are prominent in many neighborhoods and have the two largest private universities in the city. The city is also home to a community.

The Catholic Church is also a significant growing organization in the city. The church operates the University of Dallas at Irving and the Guadalupe Shrine Cathedral in the Arts District, which has the second largest community in the United States. Dallas is also home to three. The city also has a Jewish community, especially in the north and east of the city. The most prominent Muslim community is located in the northern and northeastern suburbs. A community also exists within the city limits and in Irving.

The Christian creationist apologetics group Institute for Creation Research is headquartered in Dallas.

Dallas is called "Prison Ministry Capital of the World" by prison ministry community. It is a home for International Network of Prison Ministries, Coalition of Prison Evangelists, Bill Glass Champions for Life, for more than 30 years to Chaplain Ray's International Prison Ministry, and for more than 60 other prison ministries.

Dallas' population of approximately 45,000 is the largest of any city in Texas. Since the establishment of the city's first Jewish cemetery in 1854 and its first congregation (which would eventually be known as Temple Emanu-El) in 1873, Dallas Jews have been well represented among leaders in commerce, politics, and various professional fields in Dallas and elsewhere. See History of the Jews in Dallas, Texas for more information.

The city is also home to a sizable community. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has twenty two stakes throughout Dallas and surrounding suburbs. The Church built the Dallas Texas Temple, the first temple in Texas, in the city in 1984.

The Perot Museum of Nature and Science
This museum with a cubic exterior structure is designed and intended to promote interest in science and nature. It tries to provoke and arouse the visitor's curiosity about and uses the latest  to make scientific knowledge more efficient. It also tries to instill in children the desire to become the pioneering scientists of tomorrow.

The complex possesses a strategic integration of architecture, nature, as well as technology. Its exterior is landscaped and was designed to have a balance between the environment and progress.

Its different rooms include the innovation and engineering room, which has a area, as well as the room where there is a  section.

The museum opened on December 1, 2012. It is located in downtown Dallas in, just off the road at 2201 N. Field Street, Dallas, Texas 75201.

The Dallas Holocaust Museum
The Holocaust Museum was founded in 1984, it is dedicated to preserving the memory of the dehumanizations suffered by the Jews during the, thus avoiding their repetition.

The museum is located in the historic West End neighborhood in downtown Dallas. It is visited annually by 57,000 people, among these 27,000 school-age children. This is the closest museum of its kind to North Texans as well as residents of surrounding states like Oklahoma, Arkansas, or Louisiana. North Texas is home to approximately 125 people, refugees and children who survived the Holocaust.

The museum offers a glimpse into what the was with various exhibits, narrative tours, survivor testimonies, pertinent talks, also archives, and a library for further investigation of this past available to its members. Also, the museum gives people the opportunity to help out as volunteers. He is currently raising funds for his relocation.

Sixth Floor Museum
The is a favorite among tourists seeking knowledge related to the assassination of President John F. Kennedy.

The museum has on display photographs, pertinent objects, relevant historical videos, as well as documentation recounting the assassination of the president. Its exhibits tell of life, death, the legacy of the American president, among other things.

The opening of the museum occurred on February 20, 1989, Presidents' Day. It is located at the intersection of Elm and Houston streets in in downtown Dallas near the Reunion Tower. It was on the sixth floor of this building that was supposed to have shot President John F. Kennedy on November 22, 1963 as he was touring the city of Dallas.

The Old Red Dallas County Museum of History and Culture
First a courthouse and now also an iconic museum, the Old Red Museum aims to engender inspiration as well as educate its visitors about the rich culture, economics, politics, and social history of Dallas County. The museum shows how different cultures together have made up the city of Dallas today.

This museum is located in downtown Dallas, near Dealey Plaza and Reunion Tower, at 100 S Houston St., Dallas, TX 75202. To get there by DART train, you can get off at the West End stop.

The building was built in 1892 and initially served only as a court. Later it was restored and transformed into a museum. At present, the history of this city is preserved inside. You can see objects with historical value, exhibitions, galleries, as well as documentation with relevant content. The Museum is equipped with touch-screen computers, four small theaters, among other things.

African American Museum
It is characterized as the only institution of its kind in the Southwest of the United States dedicated to the preservation and exhibition of African-American artistic, cultural and historical works; has one of the largest collections of African-American folk art in the United States. The aforementioned works are preserved in the four vaulted galleries of the building. Likewise, the Afro-American Museum has a research library and serves as an ideal place to carry out cultural activities of this nature.

This African American Museum is located in Fair Park.

Southfork Ranch
The television series that brought the city to fame, left its small legacy, because the ranch where segments of the series were filmed can still be found and is open to the public; In the series the ranch mansion was inhabited by the Ewings family. Nowadays, different services are offered for visitors, such as guided walks around the ranch, every day of the year, except for Christmas and Thanksgiving. The museum has its own store of merchandise relevant to the television series. It also offers the possibility of carrying out weddings, celebrating different events, among other things.

The ranch is located northeast of Dallas, in the corner of Parker City, at 3700 Hogge Drive.

The Meadows Museum of Art
Southern Methodist University has the, run by an oil businessman of the same last name. It houses a valuable collection of Spanish art, works from the to contemporary authors.

Events
The most notable event held in Dallas is the State Fair of Texas, which has been held annually at since 1886. The fair is a massive event, bringing in an estimated $350 million to the city's economy annually. The Red River Shootout, which pits the against The  at the Cotton Bowl also brings significant crowds to the city. The city also hosts the State Fair Classic and Heart of Dallas Bowl at the Cotton Bowl.

Other well-known festivals in the area include several celebrations hosted by the city's large  population, and  parade along,  festivities, Taste of Dallas, the Deep Ellum Arts Festival, the , the annual Halloween event "The Wake" featuring lots of local art and music, and two annual events on Halloween include; a Halloween parade on  and a "Zombie Walk" held in  in the Arts District.

With the opening of, WFAA Channel 8 has begun to host an annual New Year's Eve celebration in AT&T Plaza that the television station hopes will reminisce of celebrations in New York's , and on New Year's Eve 2011 set a new record of 32,000 people in attendance. Also, several Omni hotels in the Dallas area host large events to welcome in the new year.

Places of interest

 * Bishop Arts District
 * Cotton Bowl
 * Dallas Baptist University
 * , world's first modern Hilton
 * Dallas Holocaust Museum/Center for Education & Tolerance
 * Dallas Museum of Art
 * Dee and Charles Wyly Theatre
 * Farmers Market, Dallas
 * Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas
 * Galleria Dallas
 * Kalita Humphreys Theater, designed by
 * Katy Trail (Dallas)
 * Kirby Building
 * Museum of Biblical Art (Dallas)
 * Neiman Marcus Building
 * NorthPark Center
 * South Boulevard-Park Row Historic District
 * as seen on Dallas (1978 TV series) and Dallas (2012 TV series)
 * , Dallas historical district
 * Trinity River Audubon Center
 * Farmers Market, Dallas
 * Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas
 * Galleria Dallas
 * Kalita Humphreys Theater, designed by
 * Katy Trail (Dallas)
 * Kirby Building
 * Museum of Biblical Art (Dallas)
 * Neiman Marcus Building
 * NorthPark Center
 * South Boulevard-Park Row Historic District
 * as seen on Dallas (1978 TV series) and Dallas (2012 TV series)
 * , Dallas historical district
 * Trinity River Audubon Center
 * Museum of Biblical Art (Dallas)
 * Neiman Marcus Building
 * NorthPark Center
 * South Boulevard-Park Row Historic District
 * as seen on Dallas (1978 TV series) and Dallas (2012 TV series)
 * , Dallas historical district
 * Trinity River Audubon Center
 * South Boulevard-Park Row Historic District
 * as seen on Dallas (1978 TV series) and Dallas (2012 TV series)
 * , Dallas historical district
 * Trinity River Audubon Center
 * South Boulevard-Park Row Historic District
 * as seen on Dallas (1978 TV series) and Dallas (2012 TV series)
 * , Dallas historical district
 * Trinity River Audubon Center
 * , Dallas historical district
 * Trinity River Audubon Center
 * Trinity River Audubon Center
 * Trinity River Audubon Center
 * Trinity River Audubon Center
 * Trinity River Audubon Center

Parks
Dallas maintains and operates 406 parks on 21,000 acre of parkland.

The city's parks contain 17 separate lakes, including and  lakes, spanning a total of 4,400 acres (17.81 km2). In addition, Dallas is traversed by 61.6 mi of biking and jogging trails, including the Katy Trail, and is home to 47 community and neighborhood recreation centers, 276 sports fields, 60 swimming pools, 232 playgrounds, 173 basketball courts, 112 volleyball courts, 126 play slabs, 258 neighborhood tennis courts, 258 picnic areas, six 18-hole golf courses, two driving ranges, and 477 athletic fields.

Fair Park
Dallas' flagship park is. Built in 1936 for the Worlds Fair and the, Fair Park is the world's largest collection of exhibit buildings, art, and sculptures; Fair Park is also home to the State Fair of Texas, the largest state fair in the United States.

Klyde Warren Park
Named after Klyde Warren, the young son of billionaire Kelcy Warren, was built above Woodall Rodgers Freeway and connects Uptown and, specifically the.

Klyde Warren Park is home to countless amenities including: an, jogging trails, children's park, My Best Friend's Park (dog park), a putting green, croquet, ping pong, chess, an outdoor library, and two restaurants: Savor and Relish. Food trucks give hungry people another option of dining and are lined along the park's downtown side.

There are also weekly planned events including yoga, zumba, skyline tours, Tai Chi, and meditation.

Klyde Warren park is home to a free trolley stop on Olive St., which riders can connect to Downtown, McKinney Avenue, and.

Turtle Creek Park
Built in 1913, Turtle Creek Park is a 23.7 acre linear park in-between Turtle Creek and Turtle Creek Boulevard in the aptly named neighborhood.

Archaeological surveys discovered dart points and flint chips dating 3,000 years to 1,000 B.C. This site was later discovered to be home to Native Americans who cherished the trees and natural spring water. The park is across Turtle Creek from Kalita Humphreys Theater, designed by.

Lake Cliff Park
Opened on July 4, 1906, Lake Cliff Park was called "the Southwest's Greatest Playground". The park was home to an amusement park, a large pool, waterslides, the world's largest skating rink, and three theaters, the largest being the 2,500-seat Casino Theater. After the streetcar bridge which brought most of the park visitors collapsed, Lake Cliff Park was sold. The Casino Theater moved and the pool was demolished after a polio scare in 1959. The pool was Dallas' first municipal pool.

Reverchon Park
In 1935, Dallas purchased 36 acre from John Cole's estate to develop Reverchon Park. Reverchon Park was named after botanist Julien Reverchon, who left France to live in the La Reunion colony in present-day West Dallas. Reverchon Park was planned to be the crown jewel of the Dallas park system and was even referred to as the "" of Dallas. Improvements were made throughout the years including the Iris Bowl, picnic settings, a baseball diamond, and tennis courts. The Iris Bowl celebrated many Greek pageants, dances, and other performances. The Gill Well was installed for nearby residents and drew people all across Texas who wanted to experience the water's healing powers. The baseball diamond was host to a 1953 exhibition game for the New York Giants and the Cleveland Indians.

Katy Trail
Named after its former railroad name, the Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railroad (or "MKT" Railroad), the 3.5 mile stretch of railroad was purchased by the City of Dallas and transformed into the city's premier trail. Stretching from, the 30-acre Katy Trail passes through the and Knox Park neighborhoods and runs along the east side of. The trail currently terminates at Central Expressway, however extensions are under way to extend the trail to the White Rock Lake Trail in.

In 2015, the Katy Trail was awarded "Best Public Place" from the Urban Land Institute.

Preserves
Dallas also hosts three of the twenty-one preserves of the extensive (3,200 acre) Dallas County Preserve System. Both the Joppa Preserve, the McCommas Bluff Preserve the Cedar Ridge Preserve are all within the Dallas city limits. The Cedar Ridge Preserve was formerly known as the Dallas Nature Center, but management was turned over to Audubon Dallas group, which now manages the 633 acre natural habitat park on behalf of the city of Dallas and Dallas County. The preserve sits at an elevation of 755 feet (230 m) above sea level, and contains a variety of outdoor activities, including 10 mi of hiking trails and picnic areas.

Dallas Zoo
The city is also home to Texas' first and largest zoo, the 95 acre, which opened at its current location in 1888.

Sister cities
Dallas has six  and five Friendship cities.
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Friendship cities:
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